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العربيةHydraulic Cylinders for Press Machines
In a hydraulic press the cylinder is the machine: its bore and working pressure set the tonnage, its mounting sets how the frame is loaded, and its guidance decides how parallel the ram stays. Getting these three right matters more than any other component choice.
Fenitsa builds press cylinders for forming, baling, compacting and workshop presses, from catalogue sizes to custom large-bore designs.
Press Tonnage to Cylinder Bore
Theoretical bore required, then the next standard size.
| Press force | At 160 bar | At 250 bar |
|---|---|---|
| 10 t | 88 mm → Ø100 | 71 mm → Ø80 |
| 20 t | 125 mm → Ø125 | 100 mm → Ø100 |
| 50 t | 198 mm → Ø200 | 158 mm → Ø160 |
| 100 t | 279 mm → Ø320 | 223 mm → Ø250 |
| 150 t | 342 mm → Ø>320 | 274 mm → Ø320 |
| 200 t | 395 mm → Ø>320 | 316 mm → Ø320 |
| 300 t | 484 mm → Ø>320 | 387 mm → Ø>320 |
Tonnage = pressure × piston area. Add a margin of 10–20 % for friction and pressure losses; very large presses often use several cylinders working together.
Cylinder Pressure Calculator: Pressure Needed for a Given Force
| Bore | Required pressure |
|---|---|
| Ø80 mm | 975 bar |
| Ø100 mm | 624 bar |
| Ø125 mm | 400 bar |
| Ø160 mm | 244 bar |
| Ø200 mm | 156 bar |
Required pressure p = F / A. For 50 t (≈ 490 kN) a Ø125 mm cylinder needs about 400 bar, far above most pumps — so a larger bore is the practical answer. For any combination use the hydraulic force and tonnage calculator.
Press Cylinder Design Points
Mounting
Front flange for downward-acting presses so the frame takes the load in compression; avoid foot mountings at high force.
Rod and guidance
The ram should be guided by the press frame; the cylinder rod should not carry side loads from off-centre work.
Speed
Fast approach and slow pressing are handled in the circuit (regenerative or two-pump systems); size ports for the approach flow.
Cushioning
Decelerate the ram at the top of the stroke to protect heads and frame.
Our standard hydraulic series are built for 160 bar working and 240 bar test pressure with a 250 bar option, bores from Ø40 to Ø200 mm and strokes up to 5,000 mm, using honed St52 tube and Ck45 rods hard-chrome plated to at least 20 µm. Anything outside that envelope is engineered as a custom cylinder.
Which Fenitsa Cylinder Fits Which Function?
Inspection Routine
What to check, and how often, in this application.
- DailyWatch for oil at the rod seal and listen for knocking at stroke ends (cushioning).
- MonthlyCheck platen parallelism and ram guides; misalignment side-loads the rod.
- Every 6 monthsTest pressure holding with the ram loaded; drift means internal leakage.
- YearlyCheck mounting bolts and frame for cracks around the cylinder flange.
Hydraulic Cylinders for Press Machines – FAQ
How do I calculate the tonnage of a hydraulic press cylinder?
Multiply pressure by piston area: a Ø160 mm cylinder at 250 bar gives about 51 t. The table above lists the bore needed for common tonnages.
Single-acting ram or double-acting cylinder for a press?
Workshop and baling presses often use single-acting rams returned by springs or gravity; production presses use double-acting cylinders for powered return and control.
Can one press use several cylinders?
Yes — multiple cylinders share the load on large platens; they must be synchronised or guided so the platen stays level.
What mounting is best for a press cylinder?
A front flange on a downward-acting press, so the load passes straight into the frame without bending the cylinder.
Send Your Application Data
Bore, rod, stroke, pressure, mountings and quantity — or a drawing or photo of the existing cylinder. We reply with a technical proposal and quotation from our plant in Konya, Türkiye.